Main Exceptions for 2nd person singular:
- If the main part of a verb ends in consonant +“m” or “n”, add an -e at the end
Beginner German - Level A1
All imperative sentences include verbs written in what is called an "imperative mood ," meaning they give commands.
Following directions
The imperative mood in German has several forms, and can be “softened” by adding flavoring particles (‘doch’ and ‘mal’) and the word ‘bitte’ (please). ‘Doch’ adds urgency to a command; ‘mal’ expresses impatience; the two combined, ‘doch mal’, is more relaxed.
Beispiele:
Bitte, trinken Sie Wasser! Please, drink water! (polite)
Trinken Sie doch Wasser! Do drink water! (urgent)
Trinken Sie mal Wasser! Come on and drink water! (impatient)
Trinken Sie doch mal Wasser! Go ahead and drink water! (not forceful)
Below is an outline of the forms with more examples.
There are four forms of the imperative: Second person singular (du), second person plural (ihr), first person plural (wir) and second person formal singular and plural (Sie).
Examples:
atmen, du atmest; Imperativ: Atme!
zeichnen, du zeichnest; Imperativ: Zeichne!
-BUT-
kommen, du kommst; Imperativ: Komm!
Examples:
Räum dein Zimmer auf! (Infinitiv: aufräumen; Präsens: du räumst auf)
Macht die Musik aus! (Infinitiv: ausmachen: Präsens: ihr macht aus)
Gehen Sie in das Erdgeschoss! (Infinitiv: gehen; Präsens: Sie gehen)
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The German imperative is a form of the verb used when giving orders and instructions, for example, Please sit down!
Listen to the audio and try to answer the following questions.
1. When was the imprative used?
2. How many stops should the tourist go to central station?
3. Where did his friend want to go?
4. How many stops should he go to east station?
5. Who should take the 18. Tram/Line?
Letztens war ich in der Stadt unterwegs, dann hat mich ein Tourist angesprochen: „Wissen Sie wo der Hauptbahnhof ist?“ hat er mich gefragt. „Natürlich!“ habe ich gesagt. „Gehen Sie einfach die Strasse runter. Biegen Sie am Marktplatz links ab. Nehmen Sie die 18er Trambahn, und fahren Sie zwei Stationen bis zum Hauptbahnhof!“ Kaum gehe ich 200 Meter weiter, läuft mir ein alter Kumpel über den Weg. Das war echt ein Zufall. „Wie komme ich denn am schnellsten zum Ostbahnhof?“ hat er mich gefragt. Also habe ich gesagt: "Geh die Strasse entlang, bieg rechts in die Hauptstrasse ein, steig in die 20er Bahn und fahr bis zum Ostbahnhof!“. Was kann ich sagen? Ich kenn‘ mich halt aus.
letztens – recently
unterwegs sein – to be out an about
ansprechen – to speak to, chat up
der Hauptbahnhof(höfe) – the central station
der Ostbahnhof(höfe) – the east station
die Trambahn(en) – the tram
die Station(en) – here: the stop
der Kumpel(n) – the buddy, friend
der Zufall(fälle) – the coincidence
über den Weg laufen – to cross paths, bump into each other
abbiegen – to turn
einbiegen – to turn onto
sich auskennen – to know one’s way around
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